$floatcFile = "/www/wwwroot/xin_floatAdc.txt"; 660号生物学家(作家uK2PXu)_第59章 循环的真谛(4)(1 / 1)_660号生物学家最新章节免费阅读无弹窗_新笔趣阁

第59章 循环的真谛(4)(1 / 1)

第59章循环的真谛(4)

“不过这些已经不重要了,你记住两个字循环,循环这个字,往往还有一个更加神秘的称呼,叫轮回。”015叹了一口气。

轮回又称流转、轮转、生死轮回,意思是众生生死死,在死亡后,灵魂又轮回重新投胎成为另一个人,像车轮一样转动不停,循环不已。印度教、佛教、婆罗门教其认为一切有生命的东西,如不寻求“解脱”,即永远在“六道”(天、人、阿修罗、畜生、饿鬼、地狱)中生死相续,无有止息地循环。

轮回理论源于生命的世代轮转传承启发,而三世因果中业力也是主导轮回的因,故业力不单是现世的结果,还会生生不息地延伸至来世(《正法念处经》卷七之偈曰:“非异人作恶,异人受苦报;自业自得果,众生皆如是”)。

初期的轮回思想,颇为朴素,以为轮回转生的范围,不限于有情的天、人、鬼神及一般动物,也可能遍及植物。佛教采纳印度民族的通说,并经由禅定的体验,而倡六道轮回或五趣轮转之说,将三界有情众生分作天、人、修罗、地狱、鬼、异类傍生等六道,有的略去修罗,成为五趣。

如观佛三昧海经卷六:“三界众生,轮回六趣,如旋火轮。”大智度论卷十六说众生轮转五道,回旋其中。大乘心地观经卷三:有情轮回,生于六道,如车轮之无始终。成唯识论卷四说,有情众生,由四根本烦恼,轮回生死,不能出离。此等轮回观念,是指生死无尽期,如轮无始终,而非将六道或五趣,依次排列如轮,周而复始之谓。轮回生死苦海无尽期,故盼以修道的方法,出离生死,超脱轮回,入于涅盘。

(据《佛学大词典》)“轮回”的梵语为sam!sa^ra。音译僧娑洛。谓众生由惑业之因(贪、嗔、痴三毒)而招感三界、六道之生死轮转,恰如车轮之回转,永无止尽,故称轮回。又作生死、生死轮回、生死相续、轮回转生、沦回、流转、轮转。本为古印度婆罗门教主要教义之一,佛教沿袭之并加以发展,注入自己之教义。婆罗门教认为四大种姓及贱民于轮回中生生世世永袭不变。佛教则主张业报之前,众生平等,下等种姓今生若修善德,来世可生为上等种姓,甚至可生至天界;而上等种姓今生若有恶行,来世则将生于下等种姓,乃至下地狱,并由此说明人间不平等之原因。盖欲灭六道轮回之苦,则必先断其苦因(三毒),谓三毒犹如种子之能生芽,故众生流转三有(即欲界、色界、无色界)不得出离,若断灭我执及贪、嗔、痴,则诸苦亦断。[过去现在因果经卷二、分别善恶业报经卷上、观佛三昧海经卷六观无量心品、法华经卷一、正法念处经卷四十一、南本涅盘经卷十六、大智度论卷三十、卷七十七、成唯识论卷四]

“我原来以为这些都是没有依据的,但是知道庞加莱回归之后,我觉得我们始终还是要对古之先贤保持尊敬。因为他们的话总是会被后来的一些发现所印证。”015如是说。

(本章完)

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